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DWP Digital

New Style JSA Modernisation Programme

A major DWP Digital programme to modernise the New Style Jobseeker's Allowance platform — improving resilience, scalability, and policy agility through cloud-native, event-driven microservices architecture.

Java Spring Boot Apache Kafka MongoDB AWS REST Hexagonal Architecture
Sector Central Government
Role Senior Java Contractor
Duration 12 months (2025–present)
Team Multi-supplier delivery programme
Challenge

Modernise a nationally critical benefits platform serving millions of UK citizens — one that needed to be completely reliable, safely deployable under rapid policy change, and architecturally capable of evolving without destabilising live services.

Approach

Rebuilt core services as Spring Boot microservices using Hexagonal Architecture to isolate domain logic from infrastructure. Introduced Kafka-based asynchronous workflows with idempotency patterns ensuring exactly-once business outcomes and safe reprocessing — essential properties for a payment-processing system operating at national scale.

Outcome

Improved resilience and policy agility for a platform serving millions of UK citizens. Reduced operational risk through fault-tolerant event-driven design. A clean architectural foundation ready for future legislative change at scale.

National Scale
Millions Users
Hexagonal Architecture
AWS Platform

"Samuel joined our programme at a critical juncture — we were mid-migration, under pressure from both delivery timelines and the complexity of running legacy and modern systems in parallel. What immediately set him apart was his ability to engage at every level: pair-programming with junior engineers in the morning, contributing to architectural decisions in the afternoon, and navigating the multi-supplier governance environment with exactly the right degree of pragmatism. His Kafka integration work was particularly strong — he introduced idempotency patterns the team hadn't considered that turned out to be essential for safe reprocessing when upstream services retried. An excellent engineer and a genuinely collaborative team member."

DWP Digital — New Style JSA Modernisation Programme
Technical Deep Dive

DWP Digital – New Style JSA Modernisation Programme

DWP Digital is responsible for the technology platforms that support millions of UK citizens accessing the benefits system. The New Style Jobseeker’s Allowance (JSA) platform is one of those critical services — managing the full claimant journey from initial application and eligibility assessment through to ongoing bi-monthly payments.

My current engagement, which began in 2025 on a 12-month contract, sits within the programme modernising this platform — replacing legacy constraints with a resilient, event-driven architecture capable of meeting present and future demand at national scale.

The Challenge

Benefits platforms carry a unique combination of requirements that make them architecturally demanding: they must be completely reliable (a missed payment affects a citizen’s livelihood), highly testable (policy changes need to be safely deployable without regressions), and capable of evolving rapidly as legislation changes. The legacy platform made all three of these harder than they needed to be.

The modernisation programme is addressing this by rebuilding the platform’s core services on Spring Boot microservices, Apache Kafka, and MongoDB — structured around Hexagonal (Ports and Adapters) Architecture to keep domain logic clean and isolated from the infrastructure concerns that tend to erode it over time.

My Contributions

  • Legacy Modernisation: Redesigning and refactoring legacy components into modern, well-tested Spring Boot services — reducing technical debt and improving the platform’s long-term maintainability.
  • Event-Driven Architecture: Implementing Kafka-based asynchronous workflows to decouple core claimant processing steps, improving throughput and system resilience under load.
  • Hexagonal Architecture: Applying Ports and Adapters patterns to maintain a strict boundary between domain logic and external concerns — messaging, persistence, third-party integration — keeping the domain model clean and independently testable.
  • Idempotency & Fault Tolerance: Designing processing patterns that ensure safe reprocessing, exactly-once business outcomes, and graceful recovery from partial failures — essential properties for a payment-processing system.
  • MongoDB Data Modelling: Designing document schemas for flexible persistence of claimant state, balancing query performance with the evolving shape of benefit eligibility data.
  • API-Led Integration: Building and consuming RESTful APIs to integrate with upstream and downstream DWP services, maintaining clear service ownership and separation of concerns.
  • Quality & Test Discipline: Automated test coverage throughout — unit, integration, and contract tests — alongside code review and adherence to DWP Digital and GDS engineering standards.
  • Multi-Team Delivery: Working within a large-scale, multi-supplier delivery environment alongside product managers, architects, testers, and policy stakeholders — maintaining alignment across a complex programme.

Technology Stack

Java, Spring Boot, Apache Kafka, MongoDB, AWS, REST APIs — all structured around Hexagonal Architecture with TDD applied throughout. CI/CD via GitHub Actions with automated deployment to AWS infrastructure.

Outcomes and Value

  • Improved resilience and reliability for a nationally critical benefit platform
  • Greater agility to respond to policy and legislative change without destabilising the wider system
  • Reduced operational risk through decoupled, fault-tolerant event-driven design
  • A platform foundation capable of future expansion and reform at scale

This programme is a clear example of large-scale, mission-critical digital delivery where engineering quality, operational resilience, and real-world societal impact are equally important.

Department for Work & Pensions GDS Service Manual Spring Boot Apache Kafka MongoDB AWS

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